Fix Linker Namespacing Issues

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Build fails with “library found in package”

Error: System library 'libpthread.so.0' found in package. This library is on the public ABI list and should be dynamically linked, not bundled.

1. Remove the bundled library from your package.
2. Update your build configuration to link dynamically:
   # CMakeLists.txt example
   target_link_libraries(your_app PRIVATE pthread)
   
3. Rebuild your package:
   vega build
   
4. Verify the library is no longer bundled:
   vega package list-libs <your-package.vpkg>
   

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Runtime error: “cannot open shared object file”

error while loading shared libraries: libcustom.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

1. Verify the library isn’t on the Vega OS public ABI list.
2. Bundle the library in your package:
   # CMakeLists.txt example
   find_library(CUSTOM_LIBRARY custom)
   install(FILES ${CUSTOM_LIBRARY} DESTINATION lib)
   
3. Rebuild and reinstall your package:
   vega build
   vega device install-app --packagePath <your-package.vpkg>
   

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Symbol resolution fails at runtime

undefined symbol: custom_function

1. Identify which library provides the missing symbol:
   nm -D <library.so> | grep custom_function
   
2. Add an explicit dependency using DT_NEEDED or dlopen():
   # CMakeLists.txt example
   target_link_libraries(your_app PRIVATE custom_library)
   
3. Rebuild your package:
   vega build
   
   After a successful build, the build folder contains a .vpkg file for each target architecture. For details, see Build Your App.

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Library loaded from wrong namespace

• You used a fully-qualified path in dlopen()
• The library name matches one on the public ABI list

1. Use unqualified library names in dlopen() calls:
   // Correct
   dlopen("libutil.so.1", RTLD_NOW);
   
   // Incorrect: avoid fully-qualified paths
   dlopen("/pkg/lib/aarch64/libutil.so.1", RTLD_NOW);
   
2. Check for public ABI conflicts Verify your library isn’t on the public ABI list. If it is, the system version will always load.
3. Test on actual devices to confirm correct library loading:
   vega device shell -d <device>
   cat /proc/<pid>/maps | grep libutil
   
   The output lists each memory mapping for libutil, including the full path of the file that the process loaded. Confirm that the path points to the library version you expect.

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ABI validation passes but runtime fails

• Dynamic dlopen paths constructed at runtime
• Ambient symbol dependencies
• Conditional library loading based on runtime state

1. Review all dlopen() calls in your code for dynamic path construction:
   // Problematic: path constructed at runtime
   char path[256];
   sprintf(path, "/pkg/lib/%s/libcustom.so", arch);
   dlopen(path, RTLD_NOW);
   
   // Better: use unqualified name
   dlopen("libcustom.so", RTLD_NOW);
   
2. Ensure you’re using unqualified library names.
3. Test thoroughly on physical devices.
4. Check device logs for linker errors:
   vega device shell -d <device> logcat | grep linker
   

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Missing DT_NEEDED entries

1. Check current DT_NEEDED entries:
   readelf -d <your-library.so> | grep NEEDED
   
2. Add missing dependencies to your build configuration:
   # CMakeLists.txt example
   target_link_libraries(your_app PRIVATE
       pthread
       m
       custom_library
   )
   
3. Rebuild and verify DT_NEEDED entries are present:
   vega build
   readelf -d build/<arch>/your-library.so | grep NEEDED
   
   The output lists one NEEDED entry for each library dependency, as in the following example.
   0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libpthread.so.0]
   0x0000000000000001 (NEEDED)             Shared library: [libm.so.6]
   

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Conflicting library versions

1. Verify which libraries you bundled in your package:
   vega package list-libs <your-package.vpkg>
   
2. Check for libraries that you should link dynamically instead:
   • Compare your bundled libraries against the public ABI list
   • Remove any matches and link them dynamically
3. Test on both virtual and physical devices to ensure consistency.

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Related topics

• Manage native libraries with linker namespacing
• Validate Your Package with Strict ABI Check
• Use VPT for Vega App Packages