Integrate the Android IAP API

This page explains how to integrate the IAP API into your Android app and provides use cases and code snippets to complement the IAP v2.0 API Reference documentation. Note that many of the code snippets in this document can be found in the Consumable IAP sample app.

The IAP eBook provides a detailed description of the steps required to create an IAP-enabled Android app.

• About the Android IAP package
  • ResponseReceiver
  • PurchasingService
  • PurchasingListener
  • ResponseObjects
• Integrate the IAP API with your app
  • 1. Create placeholder methods
  • 2. Implement and register PurchasingListener
  • 3. Get user information
  • 4. Implement getPurchaseUpdates method
    • getPurchaseUpdates Responses
    • Handle the Response of getPurchaseUpdates
    • Process the receipts
  • 5. Implement getProductData method
    • Successful request
    • Failed request
  • 6. Implement code to make a purchase
  • 7. Process the purchase receipt and fulfill the purchase
    • Guidelines for subscription purchases
  • 8. Grant the item to the user

About the Android IAP package

The com.amazon.device.iap package provides classes and an interface that you use to implement In-App Purchasing in your Android app.

This package contains the following interface and classes:

• ResponseReceiver: Class that receives broadcast intents from the Amazon Appstore.
• PurchasingService: Class that initiates requests through the Amazon Appstore.
• PurchasingListener: Interface that receives asynchronous responses to the requests initiated by PurchasingService.

The following table shows the request methods for PurchasingService and the associated PurchasingListener response callbacks. These are the methods, callbacks, and response objects that you will use the most frequently as you implement the IAP API:

For more information about these classes and methods, see the IAP v2.0 API Reference documentation.

ResponseReceiver

In-App Purchasing API performs all of its activities in an asynchronous manner. Your app needs to receive broadcast intents from the Amazon Appstore via the ResponseReceiver class. This class is never used directly in your app, but for your app to receive intents, you must add an entry for the ResponseReceiver to your AndroidManifest.xml file. The following code snippet shows how to add a ResponseReceiver to the AndroidManifest.xml file for IAP v2.0:

 <application>
  ...
  <receiver android:name = "com.amazon.device.iap.ResponseReceiver"
      android:permission = "com.amazon.inapp.purchasing.Permission.NOTIFY" >
    <intent-filter>
      <action android:name = "com.amazon.inapp.purchasing.NOTIFY" />
    </intent-filter>
  </receiver>
  ...
 </application>

PurchasingService

Use the PurchasingService class to retrieve various types of information, make purchases, and notify Amazon about the fulfillment of a purchase. PurchasingService implements the following methods:

• registerListener(PurchasingListener purchasingListener): This method is the mechanism through which callbacks occur. Call registerListener before calling other methods in the PurchasingService class. The PurchasingListener object allows your app to listen for and process the callbacks triggered by the ResponseReceiver. Call registerListener in the OnCreate method.
• getUserData(): Call this method to retrieve the app-specific ID and marketplace for the user who is currently logged on. For example, if a user switched accounts or if multiple users accessed your app on the same device, this call will help you make sure that the receipts that you retrieve are for the current user account. Call getUserData in the OnResume method.
• getPurchaseUpdates(boolean reset): getPurchaseUpdates retrieves all Subscription and Entitlement purchases across all devices. A consumable purchase can be retrieved only from the device where it was purchased. getPurchaseUpdates retrieves only unfulfilled and cancelled consumable purchases. Amazon recommends that you persist the returned PurchaseUpdatesResponse data and query the system only for updates. The response is paginated. Call getPurchaseUpdates in the OnResume method.
• getProductData(java.util.Set skus): Call this method to retrieve item data for a set of SKUs to display in your app. Call getProductData in the OnResume method.
• purchase(java.lang.String sku): Call this method to initiate a purchase of a particular SKU. Call purchase in the OnResume method.
• notifyFulfillment(java.lang.String receiptId, FulfillmentResult fulfillmentResult): Call this method to send the FulfillmentResult of the specified receiptId. Possible values for FulfillmentResult are FULFILLED or UNAVAILABLE. Call notifyFulfillment in the OnResume method.

PurchasingListener

Implement the PurchasingListener interface to process asynchronous callbacks. Because your UI thread invokes these callbacks, do not process long-running tasks in the UI thread. Your instance of PurchasingListener should implement the following methods:

• onUserDataResponse(UserDataResponse userDataResponse): Invoked after a call to getUserData(). Determines the UserId and marketplace of the currently logged on user.
• onPurchaseUpdatesResponse(PurchaseUpdatesResponse purchaseUpdatesResponse): Invoked after a call to getPurchaseUpdates(boolean reset). Retrieves the purchase history. Amazon recommends that you persist the returned PurchaseUpdatesResponse data and query the system only for updates.
• onProductDataResponse(ProductDataResponse productDataResponse): Invoked after a call to getProductDataRequest(java.util.Set skus). Retrieves information about SKUs you would like to sell from your app. Use the valid SKUs in onPurchaseResponse().
• onPurchaseResponse(PurchaseResponse purchaseResponse): Invoked after a call to purchase(String sku). Used to determine the status of a purchase.

ResponseObjects

Every call you initiate via the PurchasingService results in a corresponding response received by the PurchasingListener. Each of these responses uses a response object:

• UserDataResponse: Provides the app-specific UserId and marketplace for the currently logged on user.
• PurchaseUpdatesResponse: Provides a paginated list of receipts. Receipts are unordered.
• ProductDataResponse: Provides item data, keyed by SKU. The getUnavailableSkus() method lists any SKUs that are unavailable.
• PurchaseResponse: Provides the status of a purchase initiated within your app. Note that a PurchaseResponse.RequestStatus result of FAILED can simply mean that the user canceled the purchase before completion.

Integrate the IAP API with your app

Now that you understand a bit more about the classes that you need to implement IAP, you can start writing the IAP code in your app.

The code snippets in this section are from the Consumable IAP sample app, included with the SDK.

1. Create placeholder methods

To organize your code, use placeholders or stubbed out code snippets to call the following methods in the following places:

• Call registerListener() in your onCreate() method.
• Call getUserData() in your onResume() method.
• Call getPurchaseUpdates() in your onResume() method.
• Call getProductData() in your onResume() method.

These four calls, which are part of the PurchasingService class, provide the foundation for executing an in-app purchase. The steps that follow will go into more detail about how to implement these calls and provide sample code snippets that you can use to model your code.

2. Implement and register PurchasingListener

Implement and register PurchasingListener in the onCreate method so that your app can listen for and process the callbacks triggered by the ResponseReceiver.

The code snippet below performs the following tasks:

• (Required) Registers the PurchasingListener.

• (Optional) Creates a new SampleIapManager instance to store data related to purchase receipts. This is an optional step; however, your app should store purchase receipt data somewhere where you can access it. Whether you choose to use a database or to store that data in memory is your decision.

• (Optional) Checks if the app is running in sandbox mode by checking PurchasingService.IS_SANDBOX_MODE. This flag can be useful when your app is in development, and you are using the App Tester to locally test your app.

private SampleIapManager sampleIapManager; //Store purchase receipt data (optional)
protected void onCreate(final Bundle savedInstanceState) //Implement PurchasingListener in onCreate 
{
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  //setupApplicationSpecificOnCreate();
  setupIAPOnCreate();
}

private void setupIAPOnCreate() {
  sampleIapManager = new SampleIapManager(this);

  final SamplePurchasingListener purchasingListener = new SamplePurchasingListener(sampleIapManager);
  Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: registering PurchasingListener");

  PurchasingService.registerListener(this.getApplicationContext(), purchasingListener);

  Log.d(TAG, "IS_SANDBOX_MODE:" + PurchasingService.IS_SANDBOX_MODE); //Checks if app is in test mode
}

3. Get user information

Retrieve information (User Id and marketplace) about the current user by implementing getUserData() in onResume():

// ...
private String currentUserId =  null ;
private String currentMarketplace =  null ;

// ...

public void onUserDataResponse( final UserDataResponse response) {

 final UserDataResponse.RequestStatus status = response.getRequestStatus();

 switch (status) {
   case SUCCESSFUL:
	 currentUserId = response.getUserData().getUserId();
	 currentMarketplace = response.getUserData().getMarketplace();
	 break ;

   case FAILED:
   case NOT_SUPPORTED:
	 // Fail gracefully.
	 break ;
 }
}

Note that this example also persists the User Id and marketplace into memory for possible future use by the app.

4. Implement getPurchaseUpdates method

The getPurchaseUpdates method retrieves all purchase transactions by a user since the last time the method was called. Call getPurchaseUpdates in the onResume method to ensure you are getting the latest updates.

The method takes a boolean parameter called reset. Set the value to true or false depending on how much information you want to retrieve:

• false - Returns a paginated response of purchase history since the last call to getPurchaseUpdates(). Retrieves the receipts for the user's pending consumable, entitlement, and subscription purchases. Amazon recommends using this approach in most cases.
• true - Retrieves a user's entire purchase history. You need to store the data somewhere, such as in a server-side data cache or to hold everything in memory.

getPurchaseUpdates Responses

You will receive a response from getPurchaseUpdates in most scenarios. Responses are sent in the following cases:

• Subscriptions and entitlements: You will always receive a receipt for subscription and entitlement purchases.
• Consumables: If a consumable transaction is successful, and you record fulfillment information in Amazon’s systems (e.g. you call notifyFullfilment), you will not receive a receipt. In all other cases, you will receive a receipt for consumables. The method only returns fulfilled consumable purchases in rare cases, such as if an app crashes after fulfillment but before Amazon is notified, or if an issue occurs on Amazon's end after fulfillment. In these cases, you would need to remove the duplicate receipts so as not to over fulfill the item. When you deliver an item, record somewhere that you have done so, and do not deliver again even if you receive a second receipt.
• Cancelled purchases: You will receive a receipt for cancelled purchases of any type (subscription, entitlement, or consumable).

The response returned by getPurchaseUpdates() triggers the PurchasingListener.onPurchaseUpdatesResponse() callback.

@Override
protected void onResume() // Only call getPurchaseUpdates in onResume
{
  super.onResume();

//...

  PurchasingService.getUserData();

//...

  PurchasingService.getPurchaseUpdates(false);
}

Handle the Response of getPurchaseUpdates

Next, you need to handle the response.

When the PurchasingListener.onPurchaseUpdatesResponse() callback is triggered, check the request status returned by PurchaseUpdatesResponse.getPurchaseUpdatesRequestStatus(). If requestStatus is SUCCESSFUL, process each receipt. You can use the getReceiptStatus method to retrieve details about the receipts.

To handle pagination, get the value for PurchaseUpdatesResponse.hasMore(). If PurchaseUpdatesResponse.hasMore() returns true, make a recursive call to getPurchaseUpdates(), as shown in the following sample code:

public class MyPurchasingListener  implements PurchasingListener {
   boolean reset =  false ;
   //...

   public void onPurchaseUpdatesResponse( final PurchaseUpdatesResponse response) {
     //...
     // Process receipts
     switch (response.getPurchaseUpdatesRequestStatus()) {
       case SUCCESSFUL:
         for ( final Receipt receipt : response.getReceipts()) {
           // Process receipts
         }
         if (response.hasMore()) {
           PurchasingService.getPurchaseUpdates(reset);
         }
         break ;
       case FAILED:
         break ;
     }
   }
   //...
}

Process the receipts

Process the receipts. Call the SampleIapManager.handleReceipt method to handle all receipts returned as part of the PurchaseUpdatesResponse.

public void onPurchaseUpdatesResponse(final PurchaseUpdatesResponse response) {
// ....
switch (status) {
case SUCCESSFUL:
	iapManager.setAmazonUserId(response.getUserData().getUserId(), response.getUserData().getMarketplace());
	for (final Receipt receipt : response.getReceipts()) {
		iapManager.handleReceipt(receipt, response.getUserData());
	}
	if (response.hasMore()) {
		PurchasingService.getPurchaseUpdates(false);
	}
	iapManager.refreshOranges();
	break;
}
// ...
}              

5. Implement getProductData method

Also in your onResume() method, call getProductData(). This method validates your SKUs so that a user's purchase does not accidentally fail due to an invalid SKU.

The following sample code validates the SKUs for an app's consumable, entitlement, and subscription items with Amazon:

protected void onResume() //Validate product SKUs in onResume only
{
   super.onResume();

   // ...

   final Set <string>productSkus =  new HashSet<string>();
   productSkus.add( "com.amazon.example.iap.consumable" );
   productSkus.add( "com.amazon.example.iap.entitlement" );
   productSkus.add( "com.amazon.example.iap.subscription" );
   PurchasingService.getProductData(productSkus); //Triggers PurchasingListener.onProductDataResponse()

   Log.v(TAG,  "Validating SKUs with Amazon" );
   }

Calling the PurchasingService.getProductData() method triggers the PurchasingListener.onProductDataResponse() callback. Check the request status returned in the ProductDataResponse.getRequestStatus(), and sell only the items or SKUs that were validated by this call.

Successful request

If the requestStatus is SUCCESSFUL, retrieve the product data map keyed by the SKU displayed in the app. The product data map contains the following values:

• Product type
• Icon URL
• Localized price (on child SKU for subscription items)
• Title
• Description
• SKU

If you want to display the IAP icon within your app, you will need to edit your AndroidManifest.xml file to include the android.permission.INTERNET permission.

Additionally, if requestStatus is SUCCESSFUL but has unavailable SKUs, call PurchaseUpdatesResponse.getUnavailableSkus() to retrieve the product data for the invalid SKUs and prevent your app's users from being able to purchase these products.

Failed request

If requestStatus is FAILED, disable IAP functionality in your app as shown in the following sample code:

public class MyPurchasingListener  implements PurchasingListener {
   //  ...

   public void onProductDataResponse( final ProductDataResponse response) {
     switch (response.getRequestStatus()) {
       case SUCCESSFUL:
         for ( final String s : response.getUnavailableSkus()) {
           Log.v(TAG,  "Unavailable SKU:" + s);
         }

         final Map <string,>products = response.getProductData();
         for ( final String key : products.keySet()) {
           Product product = products.get(key);
           Log.v(TAG, String.format( "Product: %s\n Type: %s\n SKU: %s\n Price: %s\n Description: %s\n" , product.getTitle(), product.getProductType(), product.getSku(), product.getPrice(), product.getDescription()));
         }
         break ;

       case FAILED:
         Log.v(TAG,  "ProductDataRequestStatus: FAILED" );
         break ;
     }
   }

   //  ...
}

6. Implement code to make a purchase

Write the code to make a purchase. While this particular example makes the purchase of a consumable, you should be able to use similar code for subscriptions and entitlements, as well.

The following code snippet from MainActivity calls PurchasingService.purchase() to initialize a purchase. In the consumable sample app, this method runs when an app user taps the Buy Orange button:

  public void onBuyOrangeClick(final View view) {
     final RequestId requestId = PurchasingService.purchase(MySku.ORANGE.getSku());
     Log.d(TAG, "onBuyOrangeClick: requestId (" + requestId + ")");
  }

Next, implement the SamplePurchasingListener.onPurchaseResponse() callback. In this snippet SampleIapManager.handleReceipt() handles the actual purchase:

public void onPurchaseResponse(final PurchaseResponse response) {
	switch (status) {
		// ...
		case SUCCESSFUL:
			final Receipt receipt = response.getReceipt();
			iapManager.setAmazonUserId(response.getUserData().getUserId(), response.getUserData().getMarketplace());
			Log.d(TAG, "onPurchaseResponse: receipt json:" + receipt.toJSON());
			iapManager.handleReceipt(receipt, response.getUserData());
			iapManager.refreshOranges();
			break;
	}
}

7. Process the purchase receipt and fulfill the purchase

You can now process the purchase receipt and, if the receipt is verified, fulfill the purchase. When designing your own app, keep in mind that you will likely implement some sort of fulfillment engine to handle these steps all in one place.

Verify the receipts from the purchase by having your back-end server verify the receiptId with Amazon's Receipt Verification Service (RVS) before fulfilling the item. Amazon provides an RVS Sandbox environment and an RVS production environment. See the Receipt Verification Service (RVS) documentation to learn how to set up both the RVS Sandbox and your server to work with RVS:

• During development, use the RVS Sandbox environment to verify receipts generated by App Tester.
• In production, use the RVS production endpoint.

In the following example, the handleConsumablePurchase() method in SampleIapManager checks whether the receipt is canceled.

• If the receipt is canceled and the item was previously fulfilled, call the revokeConsumablePurchase() method to revoke the purchase.
• If the receipt is not canceled, verify the receipt from your serve using RVS, then call grantConsumablePurchase() to fulfill the purchase.

    public void handleConsumablePurchase(final Receipt receipt, final UserData userData) {
        try {
            if (receipt.isCanceled()) {
                revokeConsumablePurchase(receipt, userData);
            } else {
                // We strongly recommend that you verify the receipt server-side
                if (!verifyReceiptFromYourService(receipt.getReceiptId(), userData)) {
                    // if the purchase cannot be verified,
                    // show relevant error message to the customer.
                    mainActivity.showMessage("Purchase cannot be verified, please retry later.");
                    return;
                }
                if (receiptAlreadyFulfilled(receipt.getReceiptId(), userData)) {
                    // if the receipt was fulfilled before, just notify Amazon
                    // Appstore it's Fulfilled again.
                    PurchasingService.notifyFulfillment(receipt.getReceiptId(), FulfillmentResult.FULFILLED);
                    return;
                }

                grantConsumablePurchase(receipt, userData);
            }
            return;
        } catch (final Throwable e) {
            mainActivity.showMessage("Purchase cannot be completed, please retry");
        }
    }

Guidelines for subscription purchases

If the purchasable item is a subscription, keep the following guidelines in mind with regards to the value of receiptId.

• If the subscription is continuous and has never been canceled at any point, the app will only receive one receipt for that subscription/customer.
• If the subscription was not continuous, for example, the customer did not auto-renew, let the subscription lapse, and then subscribed again a month later, the app will receive multiple receipts.

8. Grant the item to the user

To grant the item to the user, create a purchase record for the purchase and store that record in a persistent location.

Also validate the SKU:

• If the SKU is available, fulfill the item and call notifyFulfillment with status FULFILLED. Once this step is complete, the Amazon Appstore will not try to send the purchase receipt to the app anymore.
• If the SKU is not available, call notifyFulfillment with status UNAVAILABLE.

private void grantConsumablePurchase(final Receipt receipt, final UserData userData) {
    try {
        // following sample code is a simple implementation, please
        // implement your own granting logic thread-safe, transactional and
        // robust

        // create the purchase information in your app/your server,
        // And grant the purchase to customer - give one orange to customer
        // in this case
        createPurchase(receipt.getReceiptId(), userData.getUserId());
        final MySku mySku = MySku.fromSku(receipt.getSku(), userIapData.getAmazonMarketplace());
        // Verify that the SKU is still applicable.
        if (mySku == null) {
            Log.w(TAG, "The SKU [" + receipt.getSku() + "] in the receipt is not valid anymore ");
            // if the sku is not applicable anymore, call
            // PurchasingService.notifyFulfillment with status "UNAVAILABLE"
            updatePurchaseStatus(receipt.getReceiptId(), null, PurchaseStatus.UNAVAILABLE);
            PurchasingService.notifyFulfillment(receipt.getReceiptId(), FulfillmentResult.UNAVAILABLE);
            return;
        }

        if (updatePurchaseStatus(receipt.getReceiptId(), PurchaseStatus.PAID, PurchaseStatus.FULFILLED)) {
            // Update purchase status in SQLite database success
            userIapData.setRemainingOranges(userIapData.getRemainingOranges() + 1);
            saveUserIapData();
            Log.i(TAG, "Successfuly update purchase from PAID->FULFILLED for receipt id " + receipt.getReceiptId());
            // update the status to Amazon Appstore. Once receive Fulfilled
            // status for the purchase, Amazon will not try to send the
            // purchase receipt to application any more
            PurchasingService.notifyFulfillment(receipt.getReceiptId(), FulfillmentResult.FULFILLED);
        } else {
            // Update purchase status in SQLite database failed - Status
            // already changed.
            // Usually means the same receipt was updated by another
            // onPurchaseResponse or onPurchaseUpdatesResponse callback.
            // simply swallow the error and log it in this sample code
            Log.w(TAG, "Failed to update purchase from PAID->FULFILLED for receipt id " + receipt.getReceiptId()
                       + ", Status already changed.");
        }

    } catch (final Throwable e) {
        // If for any reason the app is not able to fulfill the purchase,
        // add your own error handling code here.
        // Amazon will try to send the consumable purchase receipt again
        // next time you call PurchasingService.getPurchaseUpdates api
        Log.e(TAG, "Failed to grant consumable purchase, with error " + e.getMessage());
    }
}

Last updated: Jul 23, 2021